Batik (or word Batik) comes from Javanese language "amba", meaning to write and "point". The word batik refers to fabric with patterns generated by the material "night" (wax) is applied to the fabric, so stop the entry of dye (dye), or in English "wax-resist dyeing".
Batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become part of the culture of Indonesia (especially Java) for a long time. Javanese women in the past made their skills in batik for a living, so in the past, batik work is exclusively women's work until the invention of "Batik Cap" which allows the entry of men into the field. There are some exceptions to this phenomenon, namely that the coastal batik masculine lines as you can see in shades of "Mega Clouds", which in some coastal areas batik work is common for men.
Variety Batik style and color are influenced by various foreign influences. Initially, batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited, and some patterns may only be used by certain circles. However, coastal batik absorb various external influences, such as foreign traders and also in the end, the colonialists. Bright colors like red popularized by the Indonesians, who also popularized the style of the phoenix. European colonial nations are also taking interest in batik, and the result is a style of flowers that were not known (such as tulips) and the objects brought by the colonizers (the building or carriage), as well as favorite colors they like the color blue. Retain traditional batik coraknya, and is still used in traditional ceremonies, because usually each style has a representation of each.
Batik technique has been known for thousands of years ago. There is no historical information is quite clear about the origin of batik. Some suspect this technique comes from the Sumerian, then developed in Java after being taken by Indian traders. Currently batik can be found in many countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, and Iran. Besides in Asia, batik is also very popular in some countries in the continent of Africa. However, a very famous batik in the world is batik from Indonesia, mainly from Java.
Batik tradition was originally a hereditary tradition, so occasionally a recognizable motif batik originated from a particular family. Some batik motif can indicate the status of a person. Even today, some tadisional batik motif is only used by the family court of Yogyakarta and Surakarta.
Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia (Java) that until now still exist. Batik is also first introduced to the world by President Suharto, who was then wearing a batik at the UN Conference.
History of Batik in Indonesia
History of batik in Indonesia are closely related with the development and spread of the Majapahit kingdom in the land of Islam Java. In some records, the development of batik is often committed in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.
So this batik art in Indonesia has been known since the time of Majapahit jobs and growing the kingdom and the subsequent kings. The start spreading this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world war unity out or around the year 1920. The connection with the spread of Islamic teachings. Many areas in central Java is perbatikan areas Batik students and later became a tool of economic perjaungan by pedangan figures Muslims against the Dutch economy.
Art is the art of batik on fabric image for clothing that became one culture keluaga Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially done only in a limited course and outcome palace for the king and the family clothing and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was taken by them out of court and be done in place of each.
Long batik art was imitated by the people nearest and further extends to the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was just a family court, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men. White fabric that is used when it is woven themselves.
Materials were used consists dyes from native plants homemade Indonesia among others, from: mengkudu tree, tall, Soga, indigo, and flat materials made from soda ash, as well as salts made from mud.
Batik has become a culture in the kingdom Majahit, can be traced in the Mojokerto and Tulung Agung. Mojokerto is a region closely associated with the Majapahit kingdom during the first and the origin of the name have anything to do with Majokerto Majapahit. Relation to the development of original batik developed in Tulung Majapahit Agung is the history of batik development of this area, can be extracted from the legacy of Majapahit Kingdom era. At that time the majority of Tulungagung areas consist of swamps in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area controlled by a Duke benama Kalang, and will not submit to the Majapahit kingdom.
Told that the police action carried out by Majapahati, Duke Kalang who died in fighting around the village reportedly said that now the Kalangbret. Thus the officers and soldiers of the Majapahit kingdom keluara settled and living area or the current Bonorowo named Tulungagung among others also carry original art to make batik.
History of Batik Pekalongan
Although no official records began to be known when the batik in Pekalongan, but according to existing estimates of batik in Pekalongan around the year 1800. Even according to the data recorded at the Ministry, batik motif was created in 1802, as a small tree motif of clothing materials.
However, significant progress could have occurred after a major war in 1825-1830 in the Mataram kingdom, often referred to by the Diponegoro war or a war of Java. With the war court is urging families and their followers who left the region many kingdoms. They then spread to the East and West. Later in the area - new area of the family and followers develop batik.
To the east of Solo and Yogyakarta batik style batik refine existing in Mojokerto and Tulungagung to spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Westward was developed in Banyumas batik, Kebumen, Tegal, Cirebon and Pekalongan. With this migration, the batik Pekalongan existing growing.
Over time, Batik Pekalongan experiencing rapid development compared with other regions. Batik in this area grew around coastal areas, namely in the cities and towns of Pekalongan Buaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo.
* Batik Pekalongan, between the Past and Today
BATIK pekalongan become very distinctive because it relies entirely on hundreds of small businesses, rather than on a handful of large capital entrepreneurs. Since many years ago until now, most of the production process of batik pekalongan done in homes.
As a result, batik pekalongan closely integrated with community life Pekalongan now divided into two administrative regions, namely the City and County Pekalongan Pekalongan, Central Java. Batik is a breath of life pekalongan everyday citizens Pekalongan. He lived citizen support and Pekalongan.
However, as with small and medium businesses in Indonesia, batik business pekalongan are now facing a transition period. The development of an increasingly complex world and the emergence of new competitors, such as Vietnam, challenging pekalongan batik industry to immediately transforms itself into a more modern direction.
Failed through this transition period, batik pekalongan may only be remembered by future generations the history books.
At that time, the pattern of batik artisans work is still greatly affected the agricultural cycle. We take the plant or harvest rice, they are fully working in the fields. However, between the planting and harvest, they work entirely as batik artisans.
Age has changed. Workers in Pekalongan batik is now no longer dominated by farmers. They are mostly from local youth who wanted to make a living. Their lives may be entirely dependent on batik work.
What pekalongan batik industry faces today is probably the same problem faced by other industries in Indonesia, especially those based on small and medium entrepreneurs.
The issue was, among other things, a decline in competitiveness as indicated by the product selling price is higher than the selling price of similar products produced by other countries. In fact, the quality of the product dihasikan better than competitor products Indonesian businessmen.
The cause of this problem varies, ranging from low productivity and skills of workers, lack of initiative entrepreneurs to innovate products, to support machine tools usangnya production process.
The development of Batik in Indonesia
History of batik in Indonesia related to the development of the kingdom of Majapahit kingdom and beyond. In some records, the development of batik is often committed in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the kingdom of Solo and Yogyakarta.
Art is the art of batik on fabric image for clothing that was one of the family culture of Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially done only in a limited course and outcome palace for the king and the family clothing and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was taken by them out of court and be done in place of each.
In the development of batik art gradually imitated by the people of this and the next nearest extends to the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was only the royal family, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men.
Batik developments in the Region
1. Banyumas
The development of batik in Banyumas Sokaraja centered in the area brought by the followers of Prince selesa-Diponegero after inya war in 1830, their most-ap menet Banyumas area. Followers that the time was famous and he developed Najendra dip in Sokaraja batik. Materials used mori homespun results and drugs used pewama tom trees, trees and mengkudu pace that gives the red color of yellow artificiality.
Batik gradually spread to the people Sokaraja and at the end of the nineteenth century was directly related to batik Solo and Ponorogo area. Region in Banyumas batik has been known since before the motifs and colors in particular and is now called batik Banyumas. After the world war started batik union also done by China in addition to their trade batik material.
2. Ciamis
Batik was known in Ciamis about nineteenth century after the completion of Diponegoro war, where followers of Diponegoro much left Yogyakarta, heading south. Some areas there is settled Banyumas and there is a continuing part of the journey to the south and settled in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya now. They are wandering in and keluargany a new place and settled into the population continue to live and procedures work. Some of them are experts in crafting batik as domestic work for women. Eventually this work can be developed on the surrounding residents due to everyday social intercourse or family relationships. The materials used for weaving the fabric of the paint itself and the material is made from trees such as: mengkudu, tom tree, and so on.
3. Batik in Jakarta
Batik in Jakarta known and growing along with batik areas other that is roughly the late nineteenth century. Batik was brought by immigrants, immigrants from Central Java and they live mostly batik-regional area. Area known batik in Jakarta scattered near Tanah Abang, namely: Rubber, Dam and Udik Ilir, Kebayoran Lama, and the Mampang Prapatan and Tebet.
Jakarta since the pre-war union world has become inter-regional trade center with its port Indonesia Fish Market now. After the war finished the first part, where the batik process has become a popular brand, increased production of batik and batik traders looking for new marketing areas. Regional markets for textile and batik in Jakarta, which is famous for: Tanah Abang, Jatinegara and Jakarta City, which is the largest since the Tanah Abang market from past to present. Batik-batik production district of Solo, Yogya, Banyumas, Ponorogo, Tulungagung, Pekalongan, Tasikmalaya, Ciamis and Cirebon and other areas, meet at the Tanah Abang market, and from here the new post kedaerah outside areas of Java. Batik merchants is that many Chinese and Arab nations, the Indonesian people and a small bit.
4. Outside Java batik
From Jakarta, the objectives of merchants outside of Java, batik is then developed around the major cities in Indonesia outside Java, West Sumatra, for example, especially the Padang area, is a remote area of central-city batik Javanese town, but the batik can develop this area.
West Sumatra including consumer area batik since the days before the union world war, especially the production of batik-batik Pekalongan (saaingnya) and Solo and Yogya. In West Sumatra who first developed the industry's famous hand-woven "weaving Silungkang" and "weaving plekat". Batik began to grow in the Valley after the Japanese occupation, which since the dissolution of the relationship between Sumatra with Java when the Japanese occupation, the batik supplies available in batik merchants and consumers is up to batik clothing for their daily. Plus after the independence of Indonesia, where the relationship between the two islands grew difficult, due to blockade-Dutch blockade, the batik traders usual relationship with the island of Java to find a way to create their own batik.
Variety Batik
There are some views that classify into two groups batik batik art, batik the palace (Surakarta and Yogyakarta) and the coastal batik art.
Motif batik art palace has many philosophical meanings, full of meaning of life. Drawing complex / subtle and most have a few colors, blue, pale yellow or white. Ancient motifs such as pattern standard palace (14th century), gringsing (14th century), created kawung Sultan Agung (1613-1645), and machetes, as well as motifs woven tirta sratumarga.
Then the coastal batik motif shows another picture with the palace batik. Batik coastal freer and rich motifs and colors. They are more free and not bound by rules of court and has very little meaning philosophy. Coastal batik motifs in the form of many plants, animals, and environmental characteristics. Vibrant color to make it more attractive customers.
* Differences Batik Tulis and Cap
1. Batik Tulis
Working with the canting tool made from copper which was formed to accommodate the night (wax batik) with a tip of a funnel / small pipe to discharge the night in the early image forming on the surface of the fabric. Form of images / designs on batik there is no clear repetition, so the image can appear more flexible with the size of the line pattern can be relatively smaller than the printed batik. Batik pictures can be seen on both sides of the fabric appear more flat (see-through back and forth) specifically for the delicate batik. Basic color fabrics generally younger than the color of the stroke pattern (putihan batik / tembokan). Each piece of the picture (decoration) which is repeated on the cloth would not normally have the same shape and size. Unlike the printed batik is likely to be exactly the same between one image with another image. The time needed for batik making relatively longer (2 or 3 times longer) compared with printed batik making. Workmanship delicate batik can take 3 to 6 months. A canting tool is relatively cheaper price ranges from Rp. 10.000, - to Rp. 20,000, -/pcs. Batik selling price is relatively more expensive, because of the generally better quality, luxurious and unique.
2. Batik Cap
Working with a stamp (a tool made from copper which is formed in accordance with the picture or pattern desired). For making a batik stamp handle length and width dimensions: 20 cm x 20 cm it took an average of 2 weeks. Form images on the printed batik design there is always a repetition of the obvious, so the image appears again with the same shape, the size of the line relatively greater motive than batik. Images printed batik is usually not transparent to both sides of the fabric. Basic color fabric is usually older than the color of the scratches motive. This is because printed batik do the closing at the bottom of a more complex pattern as common practice in the batik process. Correlation is by pursuing the sale price is more expensive and time faster production. Time required for a printed batik fabrics ranging from 1 to 3 weeks. To create a variety of printed batik motifs, it can take a lot of cap. While batik cap prices are relatively more expensive than canting. For the price of batik cap on the size of the present 20 cm x 20 cm ranges from Rp. 350.000, - to Rp. 700.000, -/motif. So from the beginning of printed batik capital is relatively more expensive. Usage period batik stamp in good condition can reach 5 years to 10 years, with a record not broken. Repetition of copper batik stamp to pemakainnya almost unlimited. Printed batik selling price is relatively cheaper compared to batik, due to be numerous and usually have other common and not a unique, not special and less exclusive.
How To Make Batik
Here are tools and materials should be prepared to make batik:
o Kain mori (can be made from silk or cotton)
o Canting as a means of forming patterns,
o Gawangan ('menyampirkan' place for cloth)
o Candle (night) which melted
o pot and a small stove to heat
o dye solution
As for the stages in the process of batik pembutan this:
The first is to make 1.Langkah batik designs commonly called molani. In determining the motive, usually each person has different tastes. Some prefer to make their own motives, but others prefer to follow the general motives that have been there. The motive is often used in Indonesian batik itself is divided into 2: classical batik, a lot of playing with symbols, and batik pesisiran with natural characteristics such as pictures of flowers and butterflies. Make a design or pattern can use a pencil.
2.Setelah finished molani, the second step is to paint with (wax) night using canting (caged / dicantangi) by following the pattern.
Next 3.Tahap, cover with wax night parts will remain white (no color). Canting to the fine, or a brush for large parts. The aim is to ensure that the immersion into a solution of coloring materials, parts that were not exposed layer of wax.
Next 4.Tahap, the first coloring process on the part that is not covered by the wax with a cloth dipped in a certain color.
5.Setelah dyed, the fabric is in drying and dried.
6.Setelah dry, return to the batik process of painting with wax using canting night to close the section will be maintained on the first coloring.
7.Kemudian, followed by immersion process of the second color.
Next 8.Proses, remove wax from fabric that night by putting the cloth in hot water over the stove.
9.Setelah clean cloth from wax and dried, can be re-closure process of batik with wax (using a canting) to hold the first and second color.
10.Proses opening and closing night candles can be done repeatedly in accordance with the number of colors and complexity of the desired motif.
Next 11.Proses is nglorot, where the fabric has changed the color of boiled hot water. The goal is to remove the wax layer, so the motive which had drawn previously apparent. You do not need to worry, this dye will not make a pattern that has been affected by the color of your image, because the top of the fabric is still shrouded in a thin layer (wax does not completely fade). Once completed, the batik is ready for use.
Last 12.Proses batik is washed and then dried them with dried before it can be used and used.
Batik Caring Tips
In order to color silk batik and fiber does not fade fast, durable and still looks beautiful. Washing batik cloth by using hair shampoo. Previously, shampoos used to dissolve no longer part of the thickened. After that new dyed batik cloth.
You can also use a special laundry soap for batik cloth on the market. At the time of washing batik not polished. Do not use detergent. If batik is not dirty enough to be washed with warm water. Meanwhile, if dirty, such as food stains, can be removed with soap when bathing or filthy, such as exhaust emissions affected, stains can be removed by rubbing the skin with soap lemon or orange peel on the dirty part.
You should also not batik cloth hanging in direct sunlight (shade). Batik cloth should not be washed with a washing machine. No need to squeeze batik cloth before it dried. However, at the time of drying, the edge of the fabric rather slowly withdrawn so that fibers are folded back as before.
But avoid 'penyeterikaan'. If too wrinkled, spray water on the cloth then place a cloth pad on top of new batik ironed it. So, the other fabric to be ironed is placed on top of batik cloth.
It is advisable to store batik in plastic to keep moth-eaten. Do not be camphor, because the solid is too hard that could damage the batik. Instead, store cupboard where batik given pepper wrapped in a tissue to get rid of moths. Another alternative use fragrant roots which had previously dipped into hot water, then dried, then dipped again into hot water and dried. After the roots dry fragrance, a new use
You should also not spray perfume or cologne directly to the fabric or clothing made from natural berpewarna silk batik.
If you want to give fragrance and softener on batik cloth, do not spray directly on fabric. Previously, the cloth used to cover the paper, a new spray deodorant and liquid fabric softener.
http://pesonabatik.site40.net/index.html
Batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become part of the culture of Indonesia (especially Java) for a long time. Javanese women in the past made their skills in batik for a living, so in the past, batik work is exclusively women's work until the invention of "Batik Cap" which allows the entry of men into the field. There are some exceptions to this phenomenon, namely that the coastal batik masculine lines as you can see in shades of "Mega Clouds", which in some coastal areas batik work is common for men.
Variety Batik style and color are influenced by various foreign influences. Initially, batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited, and some patterns may only be used by certain circles. However, coastal batik absorb various external influences, such as foreign traders and also in the end, the colonialists. Bright colors like red popularized by the Indonesians, who also popularized the style of the phoenix. European colonial nations are also taking interest in batik, and the result is a style of flowers that were not known (such as tulips) and the objects brought by the colonizers (the building or carriage), as well as favorite colors they like the color blue. Retain traditional batik coraknya, and is still used in traditional ceremonies, because usually each style has a representation of each.
Batik technique has been known for thousands of years ago. There is no historical information is quite clear about the origin of batik. Some suspect this technique comes from the Sumerian, then developed in Java after being taken by Indian traders. Currently batik can be found in many countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, and Iran. Besides in Asia, batik is also very popular in some countries in the continent of Africa. However, a very famous batik in the world is batik from Indonesia, mainly from Java.
Batik tradition was originally a hereditary tradition, so occasionally a recognizable motif batik originated from a particular family. Some batik motif can indicate the status of a person. Even today, some tadisional batik motif is only used by the family court of Yogyakarta and Surakarta.
Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia (Java) that until now still exist. Batik is also first introduced to the world by President Suharto, who was then wearing a batik at the UN Conference.
History of Batik in Indonesia
History of batik in Indonesia are closely related with the development and spread of the Majapahit kingdom in the land of Islam Java. In some records, the development of batik is often committed in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.
So this batik art in Indonesia has been known since the time of Majapahit jobs and growing the kingdom and the subsequent kings. The start spreading this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world war unity out or around the year 1920. The connection with the spread of Islamic teachings. Many areas in central Java is perbatikan areas Batik students and later became a tool of economic perjaungan by pedangan figures Muslims against the Dutch economy.
Art is the art of batik on fabric image for clothing that became one culture keluaga Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially done only in a limited course and outcome palace for the king and the family clothing and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was taken by them out of court and be done in place of each.
Long batik art was imitated by the people nearest and further extends to the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was just a family court, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men. White fabric that is used when it is woven themselves.
Materials were used consists dyes from native plants homemade Indonesia among others, from: mengkudu tree, tall, Soga, indigo, and flat materials made from soda ash, as well as salts made from mud.
Batik has become a culture in the kingdom Majahit, can be traced in the Mojokerto and Tulung Agung. Mojokerto is a region closely associated with the Majapahit kingdom during the first and the origin of the name have anything to do with Majokerto Majapahit. Relation to the development of original batik developed in Tulung Majapahit Agung is the history of batik development of this area, can be extracted from the legacy of Majapahit Kingdom era. At that time the majority of Tulungagung areas consist of swamps in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area controlled by a Duke benama Kalang, and will not submit to the Majapahit kingdom.
Told that the police action carried out by Majapahati, Duke Kalang who died in fighting around the village reportedly said that now the Kalangbret. Thus the officers and soldiers of the Majapahit kingdom keluara settled and living area or the current Bonorowo named Tulungagung among others also carry original art to make batik.
History of Batik Pekalongan
Although no official records began to be known when the batik in Pekalongan, but according to existing estimates of batik in Pekalongan around the year 1800. Even according to the data recorded at the Ministry, batik motif was created in 1802, as a small tree motif of clothing materials.
However, significant progress could have occurred after a major war in 1825-1830 in the Mataram kingdom, often referred to by the Diponegoro war or a war of Java. With the war court is urging families and their followers who left the region many kingdoms. They then spread to the East and West. Later in the area - new area of the family and followers develop batik.
To the east of Solo and Yogyakarta batik style batik refine existing in Mojokerto and Tulungagung to spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Westward was developed in Banyumas batik, Kebumen, Tegal, Cirebon and Pekalongan. With this migration, the batik Pekalongan existing growing.
Over time, Batik Pekalongan experiencing rapid development compared with other regions. Batik in this area grew around coastal areas, namely in the cities and towns of Pekalongan Buaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo.
* Batik Pekalongan, between the Past and Today
BATIK pekalongan become very distinctive because it relies entirely on hundreds of small businesses, rather than on a handful of large capital entrepreneurs. Since many years ago until now, most of the production process of batik pekalongan done in homes.
As a result, batik pekalongan closely integrated with community life Pekalongan now divided into two administrative regions, namely the City and County Pekalongan Pekalongan, Central Java. Batik is a breath of life pekalongan everyday citizens Pekalongan. He lived citizen support and Pekalongan.
However, as with small and medium businesses in Indonesia, batik business pekalongan are now facing a transition period. The development of an increasingly complex world and the emergence of new competitors, such as Vietnam, challenging pekalongan batik industry to immediately transforms itself into a more modern direction.
Failed through this transition period, batik pekalongan may only be remembered by future generations the history books.
At that time, the pattern of batik artisans work is still greatly affected the agricultural cycle. We take the plant or harvest rice, they are fully working in the fields. However, between the planting and harvest, they work entirely as batik artisans.
Age has changed. Workers in Pekalongan batik is now no longer dominated by farmers. They are mostly from local youth who wanted to make a living. Their lives may be entirely dependent on batik work.
What pekalongan batik industry faces today is probably the same problem faced by other industries in Indonesia, especially those based on small and medium entrepreneurs.
The issue was, among other things, a decline in competitiveness as indicated by the product selling price is higher than the selling price of similar products produced by other countries. In fact, the quality of the product dihasikan better than competitor products Indonesian businessmen.
The cause of this problem varies, ranging from low productivity and skills of workers, lack of initiative entrepreneurs to innovate products, to support machine tools usangnya production process.
The development of Batik in Indonesia
History of batik in Indonesia related to the development of the kingdom of Majapahit kingdom and beyond. In some records, the development of batik is often committed in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the kingdom of Solo and Yogyakarta.
Art is the art of batik on fabric image for clothing that was one of the family culture of Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially done only in a limited course and outcome palace for the king and the family clothing and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was taken by them out of court and be done in place of each.
In the development of batik art gradually imitated by the people of this and the next nearest extends to the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was only the royal family, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men.
Batik developments in the Region
1. Banyumas
The development of batik in Banyumas Sokaraja centered in the area brought by the followers of Prince selesa-Diponegero after inya war in 1830, their most-ap menet Banyumas area. Followers that the time was famous and he developed Najendra dip in Sokaraja batik. Materials used mori homespun results and drugs used pewama tom trees, trees and mengkudu pace that gives the red color of yellow artificiality.
Batik gradually spread to the people Sokaraja and at the end of the nineteenth century was directly related to batik Solo and Ponorogo area. Region in Banyumas batik has been known since before the motifs and colors in particular and is now called batik Banyumas. After the world war started batik union also done by China in addition to their trade batik material.
2. Ciamis
Batik was known in Ciamis about nineteenth century after the completion of Diponegoro war, where followers of Diponegoro much left Yogyakarta, heading south. Some areas there is settled Banyumas and there is a continuing part of the journey to the south and settled in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya now. They are wandering in and keluargany a new place and settled into the population continue to live and procedures work. Some of them are experts in crafting batik as domestic work for women. Eventually this work can be developed on the surrounding residents due to everyday social intercourse or family relationships. The materials used for weaving the fabric of the paint itself and the material is made from trees such as: mengkudu, tom tree, and so on.
3. Batik in Jakarta
Batik in Jakarta known and growing along with batik areas other that is roughly the late nineteenth century. Batik was brought by immigrants, immigrants from Central Java and they live mostly batik-regional area. Area known batik in Jakarta scattered near Tanah Abang, namely: Rubber, Dam and Udik Ilir, Kebayoran Lama, and the Mampang Prapatan and Tebet.
Jakarta since the pre-war union world has become inter-regional trade center with its port Indonesia Fish Market now. After the war finished the first part, where the batik process has become a popular brand, increased production of batik and batik traders looking for new marketing areas. Regional markets for textile and batik in Jakarta, which is famous for: Tanah Abang, Jatinegara and Jakarta City, which is the largest since the Tanah Abang market from past to present. Batik-batik production district of Solo, Yogya, Banyumas, Ponorogo, Tulungagung, Pekalongan, Tasikmalaya, Ciamis and Cirebon and other areas, meet at the Tanah Abang market, and from here the new post kedaerah outside areas of Java. Batik merchants is that many Chinese and Arab nations, the Indonesian people and a small bit.
4. Outside Java batik
From Jakarta, the objectives of merchants outside of Java, batik is then developed around the major cities in Indonesia outside Java, West Sumatra, for example, especially the Padang area, is a remote area of central-city batik Javanese town, but the batik can develop this area.
West Sumatra including consumer area batik since the days before the union world war, especially the production of batik-batik Pekalongan (saaingnya) and Solo and Yogya. In West Sumatra who first developed the industry's famous hand-woven "weaving Silungkang" and "weaving plekat". Batik began to grow in the Valley after the Japanese occupation, which since the dissolution of the relationship between Sumatra with Java when the Japanese occupation, the batik supplies available in batik merchants and consumers is up to batik clothing for their daily. Plus after the independence of Indonesia, where the relationship between the two islands grew difficult, due to blockade-Dutch blockade, the batik traders usual relationship with the island of Java to find a way to create their own batik.
Variety Batik
There are some views that classify into two groups batik batik art, batik the palace (Surakarta and Yogyakarta) and the coastal batik art.
Motif batik art palace has many philosophical meanings, full of meaning of life. Drawing complex / subtle and most have a few colors, blue, pale yellow or white. Ancient motifs such as pattern standard palace (14th century), gringsing (14th century), created kawung Sultan Agung (1613-1645), and machetes, as well as motifs woven tirta sratumarga.
Then the coastal batik motif shows another picture with the palace batik. Batik coastal freer and rich motifs and colors. They are more free and not bound by rules of court and has very little meaning philosophy. Coastal batik motifs in the form of many plants, animals, and environmental characteristics. Vibrant color to make it more attractive customers.
* Differences Batik Tulis and Cap
1. Batik Tulis
Working with the canting tool made from copper which was formed to accommodate the night (wax batik) with a tip of a funnel / small pipe to discharge the night in the early image forming on the surface of the fabric. Form of images / designs on batik there is no clear repetition, so the image can appear more flexible with the size of the line pattern can be relatively smaller than the printed batik. Batik pictures can be seen on both sides of the fabric appear more flat (see-through back and forth) specifically for the delicate batik. Basic color fabrics generally younger than the color of the stroke pattern (putihan batik / tembokan). Each piece of the picture (decoration) which is repeated on the cloth would not normally have the same shape and size. Unlike the printed batik is likely to be exactly the same between one image with another image. The time needed for batik making relatively longer (2 or 3 times longer) compared with printed batik making. Workmanship delicate batik can take 3 to 6 months. A canting tool is relatively cheaper price ranges from Rp. 10.000, - to Rp. 20,000, -/pcs. Batik selling price is relatively more expensive, because of the generally better quality, luxurious and unique.
2. Batik Cap
Working with a stamp (a tool made from copper which is formed in accordance with the picture or pattern desired). For making a batik stamp handle length and width dimensions: 20 cm x 20 cm it took an average of 2 weeks. Form images on the printed batik design there is always a repetition of the obvious, so the image appears again with the same shape, the size of the line relatively greater motive than batik. Images printed batik is usually not transparent to both sides of the fabric. Basic color fabric is usually older than the color of the scratches motive. This is because printed batik do the closing at the bottom of a more complex pattern as common practice in the batik process. Correlation is by pursuing the sale price is more expensive and time faster production. Time required for a printed batik fabrics ranging from 1 to 3 weeks. To create a variety of printed batik motifs, it can take a lot of cap. While batik cap prices are relatively more expensive than canting. For the price of batik cap on the size of the present 20 cm x 20 cm ranges from Rp. 350.000, - to Rp. 700.000, -/motif. So from the beginning of printed batik capital is relatively more expensive. Usage period batik stamp in good condition can reach 5 years to 10 years, with a record not broken. Repetition of copper batik stamp to pemakainnya almost unlimited. Printed batik selling price is relatively cheaper compared to batik, due to be numerous and usually have other common and not a unique, not special and less exclusive.
How To Make Batik
Here are tools and materials should be prepared to make batik:
o Kain mori (can be made from silk or cotton)
o Canting as a means of forming patterns,
o Gawangan ('menyampirkan' place for cloth)
o Candle (night) which melted
o pot and a small stove to heat
o dye solution
As for the stages in the process of batik pembutan this:
The first is to make 1.Langkah batik designs commonly called molani. In determining the motive, usually each person has different tastes. Some prefer to make their own motives, but others prefer to follow the general motives that have been there. The motive is often used in Indonesian batik itself is divided into 2: classical batik, a lot of playing with symbols, and batik pesisiran with natural characteristics such as pictures of flowers and butterflies. Make a design or pattern can use a pencil.
2.Setelah finished molani, the second step is to paint with (wax) night using canting (caged / dicantangi) by following the pattern.
Next 3.Tahap, cover with wax night parts will remain white (no color). Canting to the fine, or a brush for large parts. The aim is to ensure that the immersion into a solution of coloring materials, parts that were not exposed layer of wax.
Next 4.Tahap, the first coloring process on the part that is not covered by the wax with a cloth dipped in a certain color.
5.Setelah dyed, the fabric is in drying and dried.
6.Setelah dry, return to the batik process of painting with wax using canting night to close the section will be maintained on the first coloring.
7.Kemudian, followed by immersion process of the second color.
Next 8.Proses, remove wax from fabric that night by putting the cloth in hot water over the stove.
9.Setelah clean cloth from wax and dried, can be re-closure process of batik with wax (using a canting) to hold the first and second color.
10.Proses opening and closing night candles can be done repeatedly in accordance with the number of colors and complexity of the desired motif.
Next 11.Proses is nglorot, where the fabric has changed the color of boiled hot water. The goal is to remove the wax layer, so the motive which had drawn previously apparent. You do not need to worry, this dye will not make a pattern that has been affected by the color of your image, because the top of the fabric is still shrouded in a thin layer (wax does not completely fade). Once completed, the batik is ready for use.
Last 12.Proses batik is washed and then dried them with dried before it can be used and used.
Batik Caring Tips
In order to color silk batik and fiber does not fade fast, durable and still looks beautiful. Washing batik cloth by using hair shampoo. Previously, shampoos used to dissolve no longer part of the thickened. After that new dyed batik cloth.
You can also use a special laundry soap for batik cloth on the market. At the time of washing batik not polished. Do not use detergent. If batik is not dirty enough to be washed with warm water. Meanwhile, if dirty, such as food stains, can be removed with soap when bathing or filthy, such as exhaust emissions affected, stains can be removed by rubbing the skin with soap lemon or orange peel on the dirty part.
You should also not batik cloth hanging in direct sunlight (shade). Batik cloth should not be washed with a washing machine. No need to squeeze batik cloth before it dried. However, at the time of drying, the edge of the fabric rather slowly withdrawn so that fibers are folded back as before.
But avoid 'penyeterikaan'. If too wrinkled, spray water on the cloth then place a cloth pad on top of new batik ironed it. So, the other fabric to be ironed is placed on top of batik cloth.
It is advisable to store batik in plastic to keep moth-eaten. Do not be camphor, because the solid is too hard that could damage the batik. Instead, store cupboard where batik given pepper wrapped in a tissue to get rid of moths. Another alternative use fragrant roots which had previously dipped into hot water, then dried, then dipped again into hot water and dried. After the roots dry fragrance, a new use
You should also not spray perfume or cologne directly to the fabric or clothing made from natural berpewarna silk batik.
If you want to give fragrance and softener on batik cloth, do not spray directly on fabric. Previously, the cloth used to cover the paper, a new spray deodorant and liquid fabric softener.
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